1560 - 1900. Academic art, or academicism or academism, is a style of painting and sculpture produced under the influence of European academies of art. Specifically, academic art is the art and artists influenced by the standards of the French Académie des Beaux-Arts, which was practiced under the movements of Neoclassicism and Romanticism ... The Academicians of the Royal Academy (also known as Life School of the Royal Academy) is an oil painting executed in 1771–72 by Johan Zoffany.The group portrait was produced shortly after the foundation of the Royal Academy of Arts in London in 1769. It portrays 34 of the early members of the Royal Academy preparing for a life drawing class …In Animal Crossing: New Horizons, a merchant named Cousin Redd sells various works of art - comprised of paintings and sculptures, but beware because his inventory isn't always the real deal! This ...the press. This study explains why academic painting and sculpture were thought to be important phenomena and how they were perceived by their makers, the critics and gallery-goers. Academic art is examined by considering the aesthetic concepts and artistic genres that were most prominent in the critical discourses surrounding Burlington House. Academic art in France In order to regulate French painting , the Academy introduced the hierarchy of genres , which included five genres ranked in accordance with the so-called edifying value. This list was announced in 1669 , and it contained the following ( listed according to the ranking): Academic art in France In order to regulate French painting , the Academy introduced the hierarchy of genres , which included five genres ranked in accordance with the so-called edifying value. This list was announced in 1669 , and it contained the following ( listed according to the ranking): 2024 press release announcing acquisition of A Drinking and Musical Party, a lively 17th-century genre painting by Bartolomeo Manfredi. The playful genre painting …Salvator Rosa's A Rocky Coast, With Soldiers Studying A Plan was painted in the late 1640s. A 17th Century painting that was stolen from an Oxford university art …Mar 11, 2024 · The academic painting is a painting in Animal Crossing: New Horizons introduced in the 1.2.0 April Free Update. It is based on Leonardo da Vinci's Vitruvian Man; it is one of three da Vinci pieces to appear in the Animal Crossing series, alongside the famous painting and the serene painting. Jean-Jacques Henner. Jean-Jacques Henner (15 March 1829 – 23 July 1905) was a French painter, noted for his use of sfumato and chiaroscuro in painting nudes, religious subjects, and portraits. Birthplace: Bernwiller, France. Associated periods or movements: Academic art. Nationality: France. Fine Arts (2022-23) A student may offer any one of the following course: (a) Painting (Code No.049) OR (b) Graphics (Code No.050) OR (c) Sculpture (Code No.051) OR (d) Applied Art-Commercial Art (Code No.052) The following art terminologies for all the four subjects are prescribed only for reference andNov 9, 2021 · Animal Crossing: New Horizons real vs. fake painting differences. Academic Painting ("Vitruvian Man” by Leonardo Da Vinci) — The fake copy has tea or coffee stains in the top-right corner. The Inauguration of the Academy of Arts, a painting by Valery Jacobi. G. K. Mikhailov, Second Antique Gallery at the Academy of Arts (1836) Maksim Vorobyov, Egyptian sphinxes lining Academy Quay (1835) The Russian Academy of Arts, informally known as the Saint Petersburg Academy of Arts, was an art academy in Saint Petersburg, …In academic writing, taking an abstract approach is less appropriate for producing journal articles or theses to the required standard. Abstract painting may have its parallel in free-style writing, journaling, or blogging, but most academic writing follows a certain structure based on the expectations of reviewers or examiners.A portrait of a young woman by Gustav Klimt that was long believed to be lost was sold at an auction in Vienna on Wednesday for €30 million (US$32 million). The …Annibale Carracci, An Allegory of Truth and Time (1584–85), an allegorical history painting relying very little upon realism. Velázquez, portrait painting of Pope Innocent X, c. 1650 A genre painting. Adriaen van Ostade, Fishmonger, 1660–1670, oil on oak, 29 × 26.5 cm, Museum of Fine Arts, Budapest. A landscape. Themistokles von Eckenbrecher, View of … Jean-Léon Gérôme (11 May 1824 – 10 January 1904) was a French painter and sculptor in the style now known as academicism. The range of his oeuvre included historical painting, Greek mythology, Orientalism, portraits, and other subjects, bringing the academic painting tradition to an artistic climax. He is considered one of the most ... Therefore, another determining factor for the censure of icon painting during the European Classicism and its detachment from the legacy of the Antiquity was the acknowledgment of academic painting in the West as the only valid system of representation from the Renaissance until the early 20th century, appropriating at the …3 days ago · How to identify academic art? 1. Idealized life in a pastoral landscape, similar to that found in Rococo art, makes a comeback. But paintings don’t feature aristocrats anymore, only members from the poor, lower classes. Look for beautiful, barefoot peasant girls, brimming with youth and innocence, e.g. Wed 24 Apr 2024 13.17 EDT. A painting by Austrian artist Gustav Klimt that was considered lost for 100 years has sold for €30m (£26m) at an auction in Vienna. … Academic art, or academicism or academism, is a style of painting and sculpture produced under the influence of European academies of art. Specifically, academic art is the art and artists influenced by the standards of the French Académie des Beaux-Arts, which was practiced under the movements of Neoclassicism and Romanticism, and the art that followed these two movements in the attempt to ... the press. This study explains why academic painting and sculpture were thought to be important phenomena and how they were perceived by their makers, the critics and gallery-goers. Academic art is examined by considering the aesthetic concepts and artistic genres that were most prominent in the critical discourses surrounding Burlington House.Academism arose within the walls of art academies — the institutions that were created under the patronage of state rulers and influential clergy who aimed, first of all, to bring …Mural painting with emphasis on ideas development, collaborative execution, and constructivist learning is a typical inclusive learning experience for art students. The whole mural painting production involves so many processes, including mural design, wall preparation, layout plotting, painting execution, varnishing protection, documentation ...The Oxford Art Journal Essay Prize for Early Career Researchers is an annual award, launched in 2018. The Prize welcomes entries on any topic relevant to art history from British and international doctoral students, as well as early career researchers who are within five years of gaining their PhD. Find out more.All paintings, including the Academic Painting, can be bought from Redd for 4,980 Bells, regardless of whether they are real or fake. Real and Fake Differences . The French Academy of Fine Arts ( Academie des Beaux-Arts) is the premier institution of fine art in France. The brainchild of painter, designer and art theorist Charles Le Brun (1619-90), the Academy was founded in 1648 as the Royal Academy of Painting and Sculpture ( Academie Royale de Peinture et de Sculpture ). Therefore, another determining factor for the censure of icon painting during the European Classicism and its detachment from the legacy of the Antiquity was the acknowledgment of academic painting in the West as the only valid system of representation from the Renaissance until the early 20th century, appropriating at the …mihir shah. The Mission: A single book covering the practical and scientific basics underpinning the strategic formulation of modern paint and coatings systems – from physicochemical concepts to the recipes themselves. This book explains and elaborates in some depth on the key principles of coatings formulation. Indispensable for formulators.i. Tribal Paintings ii. Company Paintings iii. Bengal School of Painting iv. Miniature Paintings 1 4. The painting ‘Nand, Yashoda, and Krishna with kinsmen going to Vrindavan’ reflecting the leadership qualities of a youth by voluntarily taking responsibilities at a crucial moment is painted by Miniature Artist: i. Nihalchand ii. NuruddinThe constitution of the Musée du Luxembourg’s collection formed therefore an integral part of the official Fine Arts system of the 19 th century. Pupils of Ingres, a recognized master, were well-liked: a painting by Théodore Chassériau, Le Tepidarium , was purchased in 1853.At the Salon, academic tradition was closely followed, but renewed itself in order to … Academic painting was characterized by a focus on accuracy, formal conventions, and the representation of historical events. On the other hand, impressionism was a departure from the norm since it sought to capture transitory impressions through the use of gestural brushwork and an emphasis on topical themes. The J. Paul Getty Museum in Los Angeles has acquired A Drinking and Musical Party (around 1619-20), a raucous genre painting by the renowned Caravaggisti, …July-December 2022 - Vol 10 Num. 2. Curling, twisting and plaiting of fine pliable threads of precious metals and arranging them in a precise pattern after which it is fixed by soldering are the technique of filigree, which is predominately used in jewellery making. Things that are usually produced with this technique appear delicate and complex.With art being in multiple forms, Academic art has introduced itself in the trend. Read ahead to know more about its definition and overview. Definition Academic Art: The term ‘Academic Art’ is traditionally used to describe style of true-to-life high-minded realist painting and sculpture produced under the influence of European academies ...painting curriculum should be to provide students with an opportunity to explore natural and man made objects, situations and subjects to learn about the elements and principles of painting while enjoying their creative expression through different mediums and techniques. The course consists of (i) Painting theory and (ii) Painting practicals.Academic Art Training in Intensive Modules. Drawing Excellence and Sequentially Progressive Modules. No particular experience is required: ... “As a cautious lawyer trying to improve my painting skills I thoroughly researched short … The academic painting is a piece of artwork available in New Horizons. It can be bought from Jolly Redd's Treasure Trawler and donated to the museum. As it is sold by Redd, the player should keep in mind that they may be purchasing a forgery. The academic painting is based on the Vitruvian Man, made by Leonardo da Vinci in about 1490. It is accompanied by notes based on the work of the Roman ... This is a full-length portrait of an academic and his reflexive journal. Through a process of writing and painting in the journal, the subject of the portrait notices and creates the lived experience of his role. The portrait captures layers of Characteristics of academic art. Understanding the characteristics of academic art is important because it has had an impact on the art world. Academic art has emerged as a new form of art due to the diversity of art forms. Rationality. The Academy made a concerted effort to promote "intellectual" forms of artistic expression. Master’s Program. Our MFA program in Painting emphasizes critical and artistic growth through the evolution of a rigorous studio practice. With a shared passion for the history and craft of painting binding the department together, faculty assist you in developing their own vision, supporting an enormous diversity of formal and conceptual ...(noun) - The French Academy was founded in 1648 under King Louis XIV as the Académie Royale de peinture et de sculpture. In 1661, the Royal Academy of Painting and Sculpture operated under the thumb of Louis XIV's minister of finance Jean-Baptiste Colbert (1619-1683), who personally selected Charles Le Brun (1619-1690) as the …French Paintings of the 19th Century. Edouard Manet. The Railway, 1873. Gift of Horace Havemeyer in memory of his mother, Louisine W. Havemeyer. 1956.10.1. View all 19th-Century French paintings. As the …French art salons and academies. From the seventeenth century to the early part of the twentieth century, artistic production in France was controlled by artistic academies which organized official exhibitions called salons. In France, academies are institutions and learned societies which monitor, foster, critique and protect French cultural ...The dismissal of an instructor at Hamline University on baseless charges of 'Islamophobia' raises concerns about freedom on campus. The figure at the center of this painting is the Prophet Muhammad, his face hidden behind a veil. Depicting Muhammad is considered by many Muslims forbidden today. (Asian Art Museum of San Francisco, Gift …• Academic painting was art that was acceptable to the Royal Academy as described by Sir Joshua Reynolds in his lecture series called the Discourses. • The Royal Academy of Arts was founded in 1768 and it exerted an enormous influence over the development of art during the nineteenth century.ART 337 - Method and Materials in Painting. The Art Department’s drawing and painting courses are offered in large studios with natural lighting and good ventilation in Salve Regina Hall. Shared studio space is offered to senior art majors. Drawing and Painting students are prepared for independent artistic practice or graduate school.Academia.edu is a platform for academics to share research papers. The work of art: plein air painting and artistic identity in nineteenth-century France (PDF) The work of art: plein air painting and artistic identity in nineteenth-century France | Anthea Callen - Academia.edu Academic Institutions: The academic approach to painting was closely associated with established art academies and institutions, which provided rigorous training and upheld strict standards of artistic excellence. These institutions played a significant role in shaping the style and subject matter favored by academic painters. Mar 11, 2024 · The academic painting is a painting in Animal Crossing: New Horizons introduced in the 1.2.0 April Free Update. It is based on Leonardo da Vinci's Vitruvian Man; it is one of three da Vinci pieces to appear in the Animal Crossing series, alongside the famous painting and the serene painting. The Impressionist method of painting was a major challenge to the academic art style, and eventually the modern art movement pushed academic art aside. Despite this change, in 2011 most art schools still use some of the …Nov 30, 2022 · Academic art, also known as fireman art, is an artistic movement of the mid-19th century. It is expressed in a strong interest in historical themes and orientalism. Indeed, academic art is characterised by precise and determined guidelines from the nineteenth century. The first was the hierarchy of genres. With studies in Art & Design, Drawing & Painting, Fabric Decoration, Fashion Design, Graphic Design, Interior Design, Multi-Media Crafts and Sculpture, Buruburu Institute of …Read. 1 The Practice and Science of Drawing by Harold Speed. 2 The Journal of Eugene Delacroix by Eugene Delacroix. 3 The Shallows by Nicholas Carr. 4 On Painting by Leon Battista Alberti. 5 Art and Fear by David Bayles & Ted Orland. Y ou’ve written that the best way to learn about art is to make it. The art you’ve been making has been in ...History painting is a genre in painting defined by its subject matter rather than any artistic style or specific ... ("Fireman art") was a derisory term for official academic historical painting, and in a final phase, "History painting of a debased sort, scenes of brutality and terror, purporting to illustrate episodes from Roman and ...Consider Why You Want to Take up Painting and What You Want to Get out of It. Step 2. Pick Your Medium (Acrylics, Oils, or Watercolors) Step 3. Get Your Supplies. Step 4. Get Familiar with the Fundamentals of Art. Step 5. …An academy for painting (there were also similar institutions for sculpture, architecture and the other arts) was a centre for teaching, exhibiting and in many instances controlling patronage. The Royal Academy in London was founded in 1768. Academic art – that is, the art which was promoted by the academies – tended to look to the ...published 29 July 2021. Brace yourself: 2021's most unexpected interior craze has arrived, in the shape of Cluttercore's moody maximalist sister, Dark Academia. This popular trend is rooted in showcasing dark-toned walls and a myriad of diverse quirky treasures, think Hogwarts but with a lot more style. Despite its slightly spooky ambiance, we ...How to identify academic art? 1. Idealized life in a pastoral landscape, similar to that found in Rococo art, makes a comeback. But paintings don’t feature aristocrats anymore, only members from the poor, lower classes. Look for beautiful, barefoot peasant girls, brimming with youth and innocence, e.g.Academic Art refers to a style of painting and sculpture that emerged in the 19th century and emphasized classical techniques, realism, and historical subjects. As …French Impressionism is characterized by small, thin, but visible brush strokes, open composition, emphasis on accurate depiction of light in its changing qualities, often accentuating the effects of the passage of time, ordinary subject matter, inclusion of movement. French Impressionism was founded in opposition to academic painting.In Animal Crossing: New Horizons, a merchant named Cousin Redd sells various works of art - comprised of paintings and sculptures, but beware because his inventory isn't always the real deal! This ... French Paintings of the 19th Century. Edouard Manet. The Railway, 1873. Gift of Horace Havemeyer in memory of his mother, Louisine W. Havemeyer. 1956.10.1. View all 19th-Century French paintings. As the century began, the academic style favored by the official Salon still dictated the success of artists and public taste. The constitution of the Musée du Luxembourg’s collection formed therefore an integral part of the official Fine Arts system of the 19 th century. Pupils of Ingres, a recognized master, were well-liked: a painting by Théodore Chassériau, Le Tepidarium , was purchased in 1853.At the Salon, academic tradition was closely followed, but renewed itself in order to …Radicals in their time, early Impressionists violated the rules of academic painting. They constructed their pictures from freely brushed colours that took precedence over lines and contours, following the example of painters such as Eugne Delacroix and J. M. W. Turner. They also painted realistic scenes of modern life, and often painted outdoors.As an emerging art form of the twenty first century, digital painting has gained acceptance as a two-dimensional art form, paralleling major traditional forms of painting in the art world. However, this aspect of the visual arts, rather underexplored, has not received the same degree of global acceptance and recognition accorded to well known fine art forms such …166 Jo Kirby, Ashok Roy, Paul Delaroche: A Case Study of Academic Painting 176 Joyce H. Townsend, Painting Techniques and Materials of Turner and Other British Artists 1775-1875 186 Stephen Hackney, for Art's Sake: The Materials and Techniques of James McNeill Whistler (1834-1903) 191 John R. Gayer, Painting on a Photographic Substrate: NotesAcademic Painting: It’s easy to spot the difference between the real and fake versions of the Academic Painting, as the fake piece has a coffee ring stain on the top right, whereas the real piece does not. Amazing Painting: To identify whether the Amazing Painting is real or fake, look closely at the black-clad gentleman who is front and center. …The concept behind my online painting classes is that you need to build up your skills in 9 key areas in order to paint well. I call these the Virtual Art Academy Building Blocks TM. They are, Drawing, Form, Color, Composition, Brushwork, Notan, Observation, Concept, and Process. Many students are frustrated with their progress, and it is ...Academic painting was characterized by a focus on accuracy, formal conventions, and the representation of historical events. On the other hand, impressionism was a departure from the norm since it sought to capture transitory impressions through the use of gestural brushwork and an emphasis on topical themes.French art salons and academies. From the seventeenth century to the early part of the twentieth century, artistic production in France was controlled by artistic academies which organized official exhibitions called salons. In France, academies are institutions and learned societies which monitor, foster, critique and protect French cultural ...The term ‘history painting’ was introduced by the French Royal Academy in the seventeenth century. It was seen as the most important type (or ‘genre’), of painting above portraiture, the depiction of scenes from daily life (called genre painting), landscape and still life painting. (See the glossary page for genres to find out more).. Although initially used …Feb 1, 2022 · Academicism art is a period of art history that began in the late 19th century and lasted until the early 20th century. Academicism art refers to the art movement which was primarily based on the teachings of the Académie des Beaux-Arts, an influential art school in Paris, France. It was characterized by traditional techniques and skills such ... mihir shah. The Mission: A single book covering the practical and scientific basics underpinning the strategic formulation of modern paint and coatings systems – from physicochemical concepts to the recipes themselves. This book explains and elaborates in some depth on the key principles of coatings formulation. Indispensable for formulators.Contemporary Academic Realism. Contemporary paintings created in a realistic manner and using traditional techniques to illustrate subjects or scenes so accurately that they closely resemble the observed world. Painters working in this vein often undergo rigorous training in methods that date back centuries, including lessons in anatomy, figure ...Our Academic Art paintings are 100% hand-painted on canvas by skilled artists: Filter. Sort by: Display. items per page. 1 2 3... Fallen Angel. Alexandre Cabanel. Item No. 80188. Sale: From $529.00 $264.50. Young Page in Florentine Garg also known as The Sword-Bearing Page. Alexandre Cabanel. Item No. 80208 ...A better curriculum that is more responsive to global trends of sustainable design, universal design and environmental design. A centre of quality and competitive design research, …Aug 21, 2022 · Redd Appearing Time. Art List. Art guide on how to tell Academic painting is fake art or real art in Animal Crossing New Horizons Switch (ACNH). Tips on how to spot Redd's forgery and buy the original work. Academic painting: Vitruvian Man by Leonardo da Vinci: In the fake version, there is a large coffee stain in the top right of the painting. Amazing painting: The Night Watch by Rembrandt:4/24/2024 12:48 PM PT. TMZ/Getty. Owen Wilson wants nothing to do with a movie leaning into the idea O.J. Simpson was innocent of the infamous '94 murders -- … The Academic Art movement or academicism, influenced by the French Académie des Beaux-Arts, embraces the highlights from both neoclassicism and romanticism.The term Academic Art was traditionally used to describe high-minded realist painting and sculpture under the influence of European academies of art, best reflected by the paintings of William-Adolphe Bouguereau, Thomas Couture, and Hans ... Jun 25, 2021 · Two international expositions-the 1867 Universal Exposition held in Paris and the 1893 World's Columbian Exposition held in Chicago-bracketed the golden age of French academic painting. This study explores the trajectory of their careers during this twenty-five year span by means of an analysis of multiple factors that led to their striking ...
i. Tribal Paintings ii. Company Paintings iii. Bengal School of Painting iv. Miniature Paintings 1 4. The painting ‘Nand, Yashoda, and Krishna with kinsmen going to Vrindavan’ reflecting the leadership qualities of a youth by voluntarily taking responsibilities at a crucial moment is painted by Miniature Artist: i. Nihalchand ii. Nuruddin. Boddel
1560 - 1900. Academic art, or academicism or academism, is a style of painting and sculpture produced under the influence of European academies of art. Specifically, academic art is the art and artists influenced by the standards of the French Académie des Beaux-Arts, which was practiced under the movements of Neoclassicism and Romanticism ... French art salons and academies. From the seventeenth century to the early part of the twentieth century, artistic production in France was controlled by artistic academies which organized official exhibitions called salons. In France, academies are institutions and learned societies which monitor, foster, critique and protect French cultural ...The Academicians of the Royal Academy (also known as Life School of the Royal Academy) is an oil painting executed in 1771–72 by Johan Zoffany.The group portrait was produced shortly after the foundation of the Royal Academy of Arts in London in 1769. It portrays 34 of the early members of the Royal Academy preparing for a life drawing class …Apr 2, 2024 · 02 April, 2024. Academic Art refers to a style of painting and sculpture that emerged in the 19th century and emphasized classical techniques, realism, and historical subjects. As an art movement, Academic Art was rooted in the art academies and government-sponsored art centers of Europe, where young artists were rigorously trained in classical ... Academic painting: Vitruvian Man by Leonardo da Vinci: In the fake version, there is a large coffee stain in the top right of the painting. Amazing painting: The Night Watch by Rembrandt:The constitution of the Musée du Luxembourg’s collection formed therefore an integral part of the official Fine Arts system of the 19 th century. Pupils of Ingres, a recognized master, were well-liked: a painting by Théodore Chassériau, Le Tepidarium , was purchased in 1853.At the Salon, academic tradition was closely followed, but renewed itself in order to …This is a methodology that simplifies things right down into three steps, three base colours, and three brushes. The three steps of the Moore Method of Painting are: Step 1 – The Drawing Step. Step 2 – The …Learn anywhere with our online instructional video, where principal instructor Fernando Freitas takes you through a step-by-step process of the stages of painting in the tradition of the French Academic ateliers. Starting with the imprimatura, the drawing stage, dead colour, first painting, then finally second painting, students will gain a ...July-December 2022 - Vol 10 Num. 2. Curling, twisting and plaiting of fine pliable threads of precious metals and arranging them in a precise pattern after which it is fixed by soldering are the technique of filigree, which is predominately used in jewellery making. Things that are usually produced with this technique appear delicate and complex.academy of art, in the visual arts, institution established primarily for the instruction of artists but often endowed with other functions, most significantly that of providing a place of exhibition for students and mature artists accepted as members. In the late 15th and early 16th centuries, a series of short-lived “academies” that had little to do with artistic training …Academic art was an artistic style that was popular from the 17th to the 19th century. Different art schools laid down rules on what a good painting or artwork shouls look like. Academic art was influenced by these rules, and was about applying them when creating a …Artwork produced in 19th-century France that reflects the teachings of the École des Beaux-Arts, the Parisian state-sponsored art academy. Prioritizing draftsmanship over painting, the school taught students to employ fine line work and soft, blended shading in their drawings. Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres’s drawings, such as his portrait of Mrs. Charles …Join Ukrainian-born artist Iliya Mirochnik as he passes on a 250-year-old academic method preserved at the Repin Academy in Saint Petersburg, ... Seldom taught outside of Russia, the “imperial” drawing and painting method was uninterrupted by the modern art movements that transformed representational art in the West.Academic Painting fake vs real differences: Stains; the fake version will have a mug stain in the upper right corner: Amazing Painting fake vs real differences:Academia.edu is a platform for academics to share research papers. The work of art: plein air painting and artistic identity in nineteenth-century France (PDF) The work of art: plein air painting and artistic identity in nineteenth-century France | Anthea Callen - Academia.eduAcademic art is a style of painting and sculpture produced under the influence of European art academies or universities.. Specifically, academic art is the art and artists influenced by the standards of the French Académie de peinture et de sculpture, which practiced under the movements of Neoclassicism and Romanticism, and the art that followed these two … William-Adolphe Bouguereau (born November 30, 1825, La Rochelle, France—died August 19, 1905, La Rochelle) was a French painter, a dominant figure in his nation’s academic painting during the second half of the 19th century. Bouguereau entered the École des Beaux-Arts in 1846 and was awarded the Prix de Rome in 1850. Academic art, academicism, or academism, is a style of painting and sculpture produced under the influence of European academies of art, usually used of work produced in the 19th century, after the end of the Napoleonic Wars in 1815. In this period the standards of the French Académie des Beaux-Arts … See moreFigure study. A figure study is a drawing or painting of the human body made in preparation for a more composed or finished work; [1] or to learn drawing and painting techniques in general and the human figure in particular. By preference, figure studies are done from a live model, but may also include the use of other references [2] and the ....